The massacre at Sandy Hook Elementary school is galvanizing the American conversation in profound and painful ways. From Sonoma County to Washington, D.C., people are asking, pleading, demanding solutions to the horror of mass gun violence.
Yet key figures in the fields of law enforcement, mental health, government, religion and education offer no simple remedies, a reflection of the incendiary political nature of the topic and the complex web of social influences at play.
But, most agree, if anything is going to change in the debate, it will be now.
"We're going to move. It's time," said Rep. Mike Thompson, D-St. Helena, who is leading a House Democratic task force exploring ways to curtail gun violence in light of the Dec. 14 killings in Newtown, Conn. He met with colleagues Friday in early discussions.
Authorities said Adam Lanza, 20, shot his mother four times in the head as she slept before he drove to Sandy Hook Elementary School and killed 20 children and six staff members with a high-powered rifle, committing suicide as police closed in.
The second-deadliest school shooting in the country's history has sparked heated debate on gun control, personal freedom and responsibility, mental health issues and school safety.
President Barack Obama tapped Vice President Joe Biden to oversee an administration-wide review that will consider gun-control legislation and ways to keep society from glamorizing guns and violence.
On Friday in Washington, the politically powerful National Rifle Association called for creation of a model security plan for schools that relies on armed volunteers.
"The only thing that stops a bad guy with a gun is a good guy with a gun," said the group's spokesman, Wayne LaPierre. He blamed video games, movies and music videos for exposing children to a violent culture.
Thompson, a veteran and hunter, has allegiances to both sides of the debate about regulating firearms.
"I'm a gun guy. I hunt. I've got guns," he said. "I carried an assault weapon for my tour in Vietnam. I know guns."
Still, he looks at Little League photos of his children and grandchildren and sees in them the faces of the 20 children slaughtered in their classrooms.
"Military-type assault weapons and assault magazines have no place on our streets or in our communities," Thompson said.
He said his task force will create a legislative package that may include tighter restrictions on military-style weapons, stronger background checks, increased mental health services and regulations on what he called high-capacity "assault magazines" of ammunition. Authorities said Lanza was equipped with several 30-round clips of ammunition.
Thompson and Steve Herrington, superintendent of Sonoma County schools, dismissed the NRA proposal to arm school personnel.
Herrington called for additional or restored funding for police officers in selected schools, which has in Sonoma County at times been curtailed by budget cuts.
Santa Rosa Junior College Police Chief Matt McCaffrey, whose officers oversee 38,000 students plus staff on two campuses, said schools and law enforcement routinely prevent violent acts by being watchful and intervening when someone acts out or has expressed violent ideas.
But with Lanza, who is said to have been awkward socially and may have had Asperger's syndrome, a mild form of autism, any warning signs apparently weren't enough for law enforcement or mental health officials to get involved. Mental health workers have cautioned that Asperger's has not been linked to violent behavior.
"People start looking for a reason or a cause or something to blame it on," McCaffrey said. "We hear gun control, we hear mental health."
Instead, he said, we should look at the person responsible. "In this case, it wouldn't have met the threshold for law enforcement to take action," he said.
Still, he said, the magnitude of the tragedy might have been lessened with tighter restrictions on weapons. Police in Connecticut have said Lanza's mother owned the guns he used and all were purchased and possessed legally.
"If this person had no access to firearms, could they have carried this out? No, it would have been much more difficult to arm yourself with a weapon that could kill a lot of people," he said.
Sam Paredes, the executive director of Gun Owners of California, agreed with McCaffrey that it is important to understand what motivates mass shooters. "We need to find out what drove a guy, a kid, from normal to evil in a short period of time," he said.
But he insists that guns, access to firearms and high-capacity magazines aren't the culprits. "It isn't a gun problem, it's a people problem,"
UPDATED: Please read and follow our commenting policy: